Poets of this period included Ruhal, whose message prevailed in northern Sind and who settled in Kandri near Umarkot (where Akbar the Mughal was born). From about 1520 to 1843 AD, mystic Sufi philosophy, influenced by Vedanta philosophy was in vogue. The earliest known Sindhi literature is in a verse form called gahu and in ballads, both panegyrics to the Sumra and Samma kings of the region (1050-1520 AD). Sind was the first place in the subcontinent to be invaded by Arabs, in 712 AD, and thereafter its literature and culture was highly coloured by Islam. The language of a province now in Pakistan, which is spoken in India by Sindhis who migrated here after the formation of Pakistan, settling largely in Mumbai, Delhi and Jaipur.
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